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@ARTICLE{2026JGeod.100....9L,
       author = {{Lin}, Fei and {Sun}, Yu and {Tangdamrongsub}, Natthachet and {Zheng}, Shuo and {Zhang}, Bao},
        title = "{Implications of phase information from GPS and GRACE(FO) for identifying GPS stations influenced by poroelastic deformation}",
      journal = {Journal of Geodesy},
     keywords = {Poroelastic deformation, Load-induced crustal elastic deformation, Terrestrial water storage, Aquifer system, Engineering, Geomatic Engineering},
         year = 2026,
        month = feb,
       volume = {100},
       number = {2},
          eid = {9},
        pages = {9},
     abstract = "{Phase information from vertical land motion observed by the Global
        Positioning System (GPS) and predicted by Gravity Recovery and
        Climate Experiment (GRACE) and GRACE Follow-On (GRACE-FO) has
        untapped potential for advancing hydrological and geophysical
        studies. After correcting for effects of glacial isostatic
        adjustment, non-tidal oceanic and atmospheric loading using
        existing models, GPS observations reflect both elastic
        deformation due to hydrological loading and poroelastic
        deformation in some aquifer regions. In contrast, GRACE(FO) data
        are sensitive only to mass changes and thus provide a good
        reference of elastic loading deformation. Over aquifer systems,
        discrepancies in the annual phase of vertical displacement
        between GPS and GRACE(FO) can therefore reveal where deformation
        is not explained by elastic loading alone but must also be
        influenced by poroelastic effects. In this study, we explore
        this phase difference as a diagnostic tool to identify GPS
        stations influenced by poroelastic deformation. By comparing the
        annual phases of GPS observation and GRACE(FO)-predicted elastic
        loading deformation, we establish a threshold-based criterion
        for identifying poroelastically influenced stations. We applied
        this method to the Central Valley of California and validated
        the results using in-situ well observations and a terrestrial
        water storage inversion based on GPS data. This phase-based
        identification method not only provides a simple, robust, and
        physically interpretable method for identifying GPS stations
        affected by poroelastic deformation but also highlights the
        broader potential of exploiting GPS and GRACE(FO) phase
        information in hydrological and geophysical studies.}",
          doi = {10.1007/s00190-026-02031-2},
       adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2026JGeod.100....9L},
      adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}