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Hydrological evaluation of the Noah-MP land surface model for the Mississippi River Basin

Cai, Xitian, Yang, Zong-Liang, David, Cédric H., Niu, Guo-Yue, and Rodell, Matthew, 2014. Hydrological evaluation of the Noah-MP land surface model for the Mississippi River Basin. Journal of Geophysical Research (Atmospheres), 119(1):23–38, doi:10.1002/2013JD020792.

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@ARTICLE{2014JGRD..119...23C,
       author = {{Cai}, Xitian and {Yang}, Zong-Liang and {David}, C{\'e}dric H. and {Niu}, Guo-Yue and {Rodell}, Matthew},
        title = "{Hydrological evaluation of the Noah-MP land surface model for the Mississippi River Basin}",
      journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research (Atmospheres)},
     keywords = {Noah, land surface model, evaluation, hydrology, Mississippi River Basin, multiphysics},
         year = 2014,
        month = jan,
       volume = {119},
       number = {1},
        pages = {23-38},
     abstract = "{study evaluates regional-scale hydrological simulations of the newly
        developed community Noah land surface model (LSM) with
        multiparameterization options (Noah-MP). The model is configured
        for the Mississippi River Basin and driven by the North American
        Land Data Assimilation System Phase 2 atmospheric forcing at
        1/8{\textdegree} resolution. The simulations are compared with
        various observational data sets, including the U.S. Geological
        Survey streamflow and groundwater data, the AmeriFlux tower
        micrometeorological evapotranspiration (ET) measurements, the
        Soil Climate Analysis Network (SCAN)-observed soil moisture
        data, and the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment satellite-
        derived terrestrial water storage (TWS) anomaly data. Compared
        with these observations and to the baseline Noah LSM
        simulations, Noah-MP shows significant improvement in
        hydrological modeling for major hydrological variables (runoff,
        groundwater, ET, soil moisture, and TWS), which is very likely
        due to the incorporation of some major improvements into Noah-
        MP, particularly an unconfined aquifer storage layer for
        groundwater dynamics and an interactive vegetation canopy for
        dynamic leaf phenology. Noah-MP produces soil moisture values
        consistent with the SCAN observations for the top two soil
        layers (0-10 cm and 10-40 cm), indicating its great potential to
        be used in studying land-atmosphere coupling. In addition, the
        simulated groundwater spatial patterns are comparable to
        observations; however, the inclusion of groundwater in Noah-MP
        requires a longer spin-up time (34 years for the entire study
        domain). Runoff simulation is highly sensitive to three
        parameters: the surface dryness factor ({\ensuremath{\alpha}}),
        the saturated hydraulic conductivity (k), and the saturated soil
        moisture ({\ensuremath{\theta}}$_{max}$).}",
          doi = {10.1002/2013JD020792},
       adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014JGRD..119...23C},
      adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

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