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Investigating Moho depth variations beneath the South American continent using geodetic constraints

Wang, Changyu, Wang, Qiuyu, Xu, Huan, Rao, Weilong, Sun, Pengchao, Yi, Shuang, Sun, Wenke, and Wei, Dongping, 2025. Investigating Moho depth variations beneath the South American continent using geodetic constraints. Geophysical Journal International, 243(3):ggaf374, doi:10.1093/gji/ggaf374.

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BibTeX

@ARTICLE{2025GeoJI.243..374W,
       author = {{Wang}, Changyu and {Wang}, Qiuyu and {Xu}, Huan and {Rao}, Weilong and {Sun}, Pengchao and {Yi}, Shuang and {Sun}, Wenke and {Wei}, Dongping},
        title = "{Investigating Moho depth variations beneath the South American continent using geodetic constraints}",
      journal = {Geophysical Journal International},
     keywords = {Satellite geodesy, Time variable gravity, South America, Hydrology, Dynamics: gravity and tectonics},
         year = 2025,
        month = dec,
       volume = {243},
       number = {3},
          eid = {ggaf374},
        pages = {ggaf374},
     abstract = "{The South American continent (SAC), a region of pronounced geodynamic
        and hydrological activity, exhibits crustal deformation and
        gravity field anomalies driven by the interplay of tectonic
        forces and surface/subsurface mass redistribution. While
        previous studies have mainly focused on gravity changes driven
        by terrestrial water storage (TWS), mass variations of the solid
        Earth remain inadequately addressed. In this study, we resolve
        deep-seated mass transport Gravity Recovery and Climate
        Experiment (GRACE) satellite gravimetry, hydrological model
        outputs, GPS-derived vertical crustal motions and glacial
        isostatic adjustment (GIA) correction. Our results reveal an
        internal mass variation of 0.21 {\ensuremath{\pm}} 0.45 cm
        yr$^{{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ in equivalent water height (EWH),
        independent of surface hydrological contributions. Interpreting
        this signal as predominantly driven by crustâ”€mantle boundary
        (Moho) displacements, we estimate an average Moho depth uplift
        rate of 0.37 {\ensuremath{\pm}} 0.80 cm yr$^{{\ensuremath{-}}1}$
        across SAC, based on the crustâ”€mantle density contrast. The Moho
        interface depth variations exhibit significant spatial
        heterogeneity. Through uncertainty analysis, four distinct
        regions (A, B, C and D) are identified: Region A exhibits Moho
        uplift and Region B exhibits subsidence, with part contributions
        from the isostatic adjustment. Key uncertainties in these
        estimates stem from sedimentation effects and the accuracy of
        current observations or models. Subsidence in Region C and
        uplift in Region D are related to the co-seismic and post-
        seismic effects of the 2010 Chile earthquake. These findings
        underscore the significance of solid Earth mass flux in active
        continental regions and unravel the mechanisms governing
        crustâ”€Moho mass redistribution.}",
          doi = {10.1093/gji/ggaf374},
       adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2025GeoJI.243..374W},
      adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

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