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Investigating Moho Depth Variations Beneath the South American Continent Using Geodetic Constraints

Wang, Changyu, Wang, Qiuyu, Xu, Huan, Rao, Weilong, Sun, Pengchao, Yi, Shuang, Sun, Wenke, and Wei, Dongping, 2025. Investigating Moho Depth Variations Beneath the South American Continent Using Geodetic Constraints. Geophysical Journal International, .

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@ARTICLE{2025GeoJI.tmp..381W,
       author = {{Wang}, Changyu and {Wang}, Qiuyu and {Xu}, Huan and {Rao}, Weilong and {Sun}, Pengchao and {Yi}, Shuang and {Sun}, Wenke and {Wei}, Dongping},
        title = "{Investigating Moho Depth Variations Beneath the South American Continent Using Geodetic Constraints}",
      journal = {Geophysical Journal International},
         year = 2025,
        month = sep,
     abstract = "{The South American continent (SAC), a region of pronounced geodynamic
        and hydrological activity, exhibits crustal deformation and
        gravity field anomalies driven by the interplay of tectonic
        forces and surface/subsurface mass redistribution. While
        previous studies have mainly focused on gravity changes driven
        by terrestrial water storage (TWS), mass variations of the solid
        Earth remain inadequately addressed. In this study, we resolve
        deep-seated mass transport Gravity Recovery and Climate
        Experiment (GRACE) satellite gravimetry, hydrological model
        outputs, GPS-derived vertical crustal motions, and glacial
        isostatic adjustment (GIA) correction. Our results reveal an
        internal mass variation of 0.21 {\ensuremath{\pm}} 0.45 cm yr
        $^{-1}$ in equivalent water height (EWH), independent of surface
        hydrological contributions. Interpreting this signal as
        predominantly driven by crust-mantle boundary (Moho)
        displacements, we estimate an average Moho depth uplift rate of
        0.37 {\ensuremath{\pm}} 0.80 cm yr $^{-1}$ across SAC, based on
        the crust-mantle density contrast. The Moho interface depth
        variations exhibit significant spatial heterogeneity. Through
        uncertainty analysis, four distinct regions (A, B, C, and D) are
        identified: Region A exhibits Moho uplift and Region B exhibits
        subsidence, with part contributions from the isostatic
        adjustment. Key uncertainties in these estimates stem from
        sedimentation effects and the accuracy of current observations
        or models. Subsidence in Region C and uplift in Region D are
        related to the co-seismic and post-seismic effects of the 2010
        Chile earthquake. These findings underscore the significance of
        solid Earth mass flux in active continental regions and unravel
        the mechanisms governing crust-Moho mass redistribution.}",
          doi = {10.1093/gji/ggaf374},
       adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2025GeoJI.tmp..381W},
      adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

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