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Underestimation of Historical Terrestrial Water Storage Droughts in Global Water Models

Tiwari, Amar Deep, Pokhrel, Yadu, Felfelani, Farshid, Elkouk, Ahmed, Boulange, Julien, Gosling, Simon N., Hanasaki, Naota, Koutroulis, Aristeidis, Mishra, Vimal, Schmied, Hannes Müller, Satoh, Yusuke, Ostberg, Sebastian, Stacke, Tobias, and Yin, Jiabo, 2025. Underestimation of Historical Terrestrial Water Storage Droughts in Global Water Models. Geophysical Research Letters, 52(19):e2025GL115164, doi:10.1029/2025GL115164.

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BibTeX

@ARTICLE{2025GeoRL..5215164T,
       author = {{Tiwari}, Amar Deep and {Pokhrel}, Yadu and {Felfelani}, Farshid and {Elkouk}, Ahmed and {Boulange}, Julien and {Gosling}, Simon N. and {Hanasaki}, Naota and {Koutroulis}, Aristeidis and {Mishra}, Vimal and {Schmied}, Hannes M{\"u}ller and {Satoh}, Yusuke and {Ostberg}, Sebastian and {Stacke}, Tobias and {Yin}, Jiabo},
        title = "{Underestimation of Historical Terrestrial Water Storage Droughts in Global Water Models}",
      journal = {\grl},
     keywords = {TWS, drought, modeling, hydrology, GWM},
         year = 2025,
        month = oct,
       volume = {52},
       number = {19},
          eid = {e2025GL115164},
        pages = {e2025GL115164},
     abstract = "{Enhanced drought modeling is crucial for realistic prediction and
        effective management of water resources, especially with climate
        change anticipated to exacerbate drought frequency and severity.
        Global water models (GWMs) simulate historical and future
        terrestrial water storage (TWS) with continuous spatial and
        temporal coverage. However, a global evaluation of TWS
        simulations by GWMs focused on drought is lacking. Here we
        evaluate, for the first time, GWMs' capability to represent TWS
        droughts by comparing simulations with Gravity Recovery and
        Climate Experiment satellite data. We find notable
        underestimation of drought severity and coverage by GWMs, across
        diverse regions, including North America, South America, Africa,
        and Northern Asia. When examined without trend removal, the
        underestimation of TWS droughts is more pronounced in recent
        years (2016{\textendash}2019) compared to 2002{\textendash}2015,
        especially in northern latitudes. This underrepresentation
        highlights the necessity to improve GWMs to simulate TWS
        droughts. Our results imply that previously reported future TWS
        projections could have underestimated droughts.}",
          doi = {10.1029/2025GL115164},
       adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2025GeoRL..5215164T},
      adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

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