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Inconsistencies in GRACE-Based Groundwater Storage Estimation—A Call for a Proper Use of Land Surface Models

Getirana, Augusto, Kumar, Sujay, and Rodell, Matthew, 2025. Inconsistencies in GRACE-Based Groundwater Storage Estimation—A Call for a Proper Use of Land Surface Models. Geophysical Research Letters, 52(19):e2025GL119197, doi:10.1029/2025GL119197.

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@ARTICLE{2025GeoRL..5219197G,
       author = {{Getirana}, Augusto and {Kumar}, Sujay and {Rodell}, Matthew},
        title = "{Inconsistencies in GRACE-Based Groundwater Storage Estimation{\textemdash}A Call for a Proper Use of Land Surface Models}",
      journal = {\grl},
     keywords = {groundwater, GRACE, terrestrial water storage, land surface model, water balance, GLDAS},
         year = 2025,
        month = oct,
       volume = {52},
       number = {19},
          eid = {e2025GL119197},
        pages = {e2025GL119197},
     abstract = "{Estimating groundwater storage (GWS) anomalies by subtracting model-
        derived components from Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment
        (GRACE) terrestrial water storage (TWS) anomalies is a common
        practice in hydrology. Typically, land surface model (LSM)
        simulated soil moisture (SM), snow water equivalent, and canopy
        water content are removed from GRACE-derived TWS, and the
        residual is interpreted as GWS. However, this method implicitly
        assumes that LSMs account for all non-groundwater storages
        within distinct, physically meaningful compartments. In this
        comment, we examine the assumptions, semantic and structural
        challenges embedded in this approach, suggesting that users
        consider the consequences of model simplifications and
        conventions on the results. We encourage careful interpretation
        and advocate for more sophisticated methods, including making
        use of data assimilation and models that represent physical
        hydrological processes more completely.}",
          doi = {10.1029/2025GL119197},
       adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2025GeoRL..5219197G},
      adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

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