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An improved Kalman filtering method for recovering weekly regional surface mass variations from GRACE-based geopotential differences

Zhong, Bo, Xu, Hongyi, Li, Xianpao, Chen, Jianli, and Liu, Renli, 2025. An improved Kalman filtering method for recovering weekly regional surface mass variations from GRACE-based geopotential differences. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 46(20):7749–7779, doi:10.1080/01431161.2025.2559422.

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BibTeX

@ARTICLE{2025IJRS...46.7749Z,
       author = {{Zhong}, Bo and {Xu}, Hongyi and {Li}, Xianpao and {Chen}, Jianli and {Liu}, Renli},
        title = "{An improved Kalman filtering method for recovering weekly regional surface mass variations from GRACE-based geopotential differences}",
      journal = {International Journal of Remote Sensing},
     keywords = {Regional surface mass variation, GRACE-based geopotential difference, improved Kalman filtering, weekly time scale, amazon river basin},
         year = 2025,
        month = oct,
       volume = {46},
       number = {20},
        pages = {7749-7779},
     abstract = "{We introduce an improved Kalman filtering (i.e. the Affine
        transformation based Kalman filtering, named Aff-Kalman
        filtering) into the regional Mascon inversion model to recover
        reliable weekly surface mass variation (SMV) over the Amazon
        River basin from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment
        (GRACE)-based geopotential difference (GPD) data. The
        performance of Aff-Kalman filtering was validated through
        closed-loop simulation and comparative analyses against official
        spherical harmonic coefficient (SHC) and Mascon solutions and
        independent hydro-meteorological datasets. The simulation
        results demonstrate that the weekly SMVs from Aff-Kalman
        filtering have better consistency with input 'real' signals than
        those from traditional Kalman filtering and GPD Mascon
        estimates, and the corresponding determination coefficient
        (R$^{2}$) increased by 3.2\% and 2.9\%, root mean square error
        (RMSE) decreased by 24.97 mm and 13.81 mm, and mean absolute
        percentage error (MAPE) decreased by 2.82\% and 0.39\%,
        respectively. Additionally, the weekly and monthly SMVs derived
        from Aff-Kalman filtering exhibit strong consistency with
        official weekly GFZ SHC and monthly CSR Mascon solutions in the
        spatio-temporal domains. Meanwhile, the weekly RMSE between the
        Aff-Kalman filtering and GFZ SHC solutions (29.73 mm) is smaller
        than that between the GPD Mascon and GFZ SHC solutions (34.85
        mm). Furthermore, the first-order difference of terrestrial
        water storage changes (i.e. dS/dt) derived from Aff-Kalman
        filtering present better consistency (i.e. higher correlation
        and lower RMSE) with P-ET-R time series (derived from
        precipitation-P, evapotranspiration-ET and runoff-R based on the
        water budget closure) than those of GFZ SHC, CSR Mascon, and GPD
        Mascon solutions from weekly to monthly scales. For the monthly
        solutions, the corresponding R$^{2}$ and RMSE values are 0.843
        and 29.577 mm/month (Aff-Kalman filtering), 0.839 and 30.154
        mm/month (CSR Mascon), and 0.842 and 30.216 mm/month (GPD
        Mascon) on the temporal scale, respectively. Our inversion
        method provides an alternative tool for estimating reliable
        regional SMVs with higher temporal resolution from GRACE data.}",
          doi = {10.1080/01431161.2025.2559422},
       adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2025IJRS...46.7749Z},
      adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

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