Publications related to the GRACE Missions (no abstracts)

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Deciphering coastal plain groundwater dynamics: insights from satellite and hydrologic data in Pinghu City, China

Wu, Chengcheng, Lu, Chengpeng, Park, Edward, Wang, Yunfeng, Xie, Yangcun, Plattner, Alain M., Li, Zhibin, Liu, Bo, Shu, Longcang, and Zhang, Yong, 2025. Deciphering coastal plain groundwater dynamics: insights from satellite and hydrologic data in Pinghu City, China. Journal of Hydrology, 661:133706, doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.133706.

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@ARTICLE{2025JHyd..66133706W,
       author = {{Wu}, Chengcheng and {Lu}, Chengpeng and {Park}, Edward and {Wang}, Yunfeng and {Xie}, Yangcun and {Plattner}, Alain M. and {Li}, Zhibin and {Liu}, Bo and {Shu}, Longcang and {Zhang}, Yong},
        title = "{Deciphering coastal plain groundwater dynamics: insights from satellite and hydrologic data in Pinghu City, China}",
      journal = {Journal of Hydrology},
     keywords = {Anomalous groundwater dynamics, Groundwater storage, GRACE satellite, Random Forest model, SBAS-InSAR, Isotope hydrology},
         year = 2025,
        month = nov,
       volume = {661},
          eid = {133706},
        pages = {133706},
     abstract = "{Groundwater, the planet's largest active freshwater resource, plays a
        critical role in sustaining ecosystems, economies, and
        societies. Over the past two decades, China's groundwater
        regulation policies have significantly elevated groundwater
        levels (GWLs) in many regions. However, some areas have
        experienced unexpected or anomalous GWL declines unrelated to
        groundwater extraction. The purpose of this study is to
        investigate the causes of anomalous groundwater dynamics
        processes in a coastal multilayered aquifer in Pinghu city,
        China. By leveraging multi-source satellite data analyses,
        including GRACE, InSAR, and isotope techniques, this study
        identified that leakage within groundwater systems and changes
        in precipitation, evapotranspiration were the primary drivers of
        groundwater storage (GWS) reduction across all monitoring
        stations in Pinghu City, China. The Random Forest model yielded
        the highest accuracy (R$^{2}$ = 0.72, CC = 0.85, RMSE = 0.11)
        among the three downscaling methods. A strong correlation
        (around 0.75) is observed between GWS changes and meteorological
        variables. The Hongni (HN) station, which monitors multiple deep
        confined aquifers, was particularly sensitive to GWS
        fluctuations. To interpret these dynamics, a conceptual model
        was developed to characterize the interactions within the multi-
        layered aquifer system, consisting of both unconfined and
        confined aquifers separated by leakable aquitards. The layered
        aquifer-aquitard structure observed in Pinghu City is a
        characteristic feature of coastal and alluvial depositional
        systems globally. The developed conceptual model was also proven
        to be effective in the coastal multilayered aquifer in Texas,
        USA. This model offers a valuable framework for investigating
        groundwater dynamics in coastal plains with analogous geological
        settings. The analysis further revealed a temporal effect of key
        factors influencing the response of deep aquifers, providing
        critical insights into the mechanisms driving changes in deep
        groundwater systems.}",
          doi = {10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.133706},
       adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2025JHyd..66133706W},
      adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

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