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Anthropogenic coal mining reducing groundwater storage in the Yellow River Basin

Wang, Longhuan, Jia, Binghao, Yang, Fan, Huang, Qifeng, Peng, Qing, Wu, Ruixueer, and Xie, Zhenghui, 2025. Anthropogenic coal mining reducing groundwater storage in the Yellow River Basin. Science of the Total Environment, 958:178120, doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.178120.

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@ARTICLE{2025ScTEn.95878120W,
       author = {{Wang}, Longhuan and {Jia}, Binghao and {Yang}, Fan and {Huang}, Qifeng and {Peng}, Qing and {Wu}, Ruixueer and {Xie}, Zhenghui},
        title = "{Anthropogenic coal mining reducing groundwater storage in the Yellow River Basin}",
      journal = {Science of the Total Environment},
     keywords = {Coal mining, Groundwater consumption, Vegetation restoration, Groundwater storage, Yellow River Basin},
         year = 2025,
        month = jan,
       volume = {958},
          eid = {178120},
        pages = {178120},
     abstract = "{Anthropogenic coal mining and water consumption affect groundwater
        storage (GWS) and impose substantial pressure on water
        resources. However, the responses and mechanisms of GWS to these
        activities and climate change are not well understood. In this
        study, the impacts of anthropogenic coal mining, water
        consumption, vegetation restoration and climate change on GWS in
        the Yellow River Basin (YRB) of China were quantitatively
        assessed, based on the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment
        (GRACE) satellite data, land surface model simulations, Random
        Forest (RF) model, normalized vegetation index data, the
        statistical information in yearbooks and bulletins, and in situ
        observations. The results revealed a significant decline at a
        rate of ‑7.52 mmṡyear<SUP loc=``post''>‑1</SUP> in GWS from 2003
        to 2020, with the most pronounced decreasing trends in the
        middle and lower reaches of the YRB. Seventy-five percent of the
        regions with a gain in GWS showed an increasing trend in the net
        water flux (precipitation minus evapotranspiration). The RF
        model results show that water consumption by coal mining is the
        main factor influencing changes in GWS in the eastern and
        northern coal mining areas of the basin, with importance scores
        of 50{\textendash}53. Significant vegetation restoration
        increased groundwater drought in the YRB, especially in the
        growing season. This study provides valuable scientific insights
        for formulating water resource management policies in the YRB.}",
          doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.178120},
       adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2025ScTEn.95878120W},
      adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

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