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Migrating and Nonmigrating Neutral Mass Density Tides From GRACE–FO Observations for Solar Minimum Conditions

Neogi, Mukta and Oberheide, Jens, 2026. Migrating and Nonmigrating Neutral Mass Density Tides From GRACE–FO Observations for Solar Minimum Conditions. Earth and Space Science, 13(8):e2026EA005322, doi:10.1029/2026EA005322.

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BibTeX

@ARTICLE{2026ESS...1305322N,
       author = {{Neogi}, Mukta and {Oberheide}, Jens},
        title = "{Migrating and Nonmigrating Neutral Mass Density Tides From GRACE-FO Observations for Solar Minimum Conditions}",
      journal = {Earth and Space Science},
         year = 2026,
        month = aug,
       volume = {13},
       number = {8},
          eid = {e2026EA005322},
        pages = {e2026EA005322},
     abstract = "{This study presents the migrating and nonmigrating thermospheric neutral
        mass density tides from the Gravity Recovery And Climate
        Experiment Follow--On (GRACE--FO) observations under solar
        minimum conditions (year 2020). The observed densities are first
        mapped to a reference altitude of 500 km using an empirical
        model (NRLMSIS 2.0) to remove the impact of the elliptical
        orbit. To address incomplete local solar time sampling due to
        the slow orbit precession and to achieve full local solar time
        coverage, 161--day composite windows centered on each analysis
        day are constructed. A two--dimensional fast Fourier transform
        is then applied in time and longitude to extract the amplitudes
        and phases of migrating tides, including DW1, SW2, TW3, and QW4,
        as well as nonmigrating tides such as DE3, DW2, and SE2. The
        retrieved tides show distinct seasonal--latitudinal variability.
        Migrating DW1 and SW2 are the dominant contributors to the
        density tidal spectrum, while higher--order migrating components
        such as TW3 and QW4 also produce significant variability at 500
        km. A consistency check is also performed using the independent
        CHAllenging Minisatellite Payload (CHAMP) relative density tidal
        data set under comparable solar minimum conditions. The GRACE--
        FO tidal structures show good agreement with CHAMP relative
        density tides, supporting the reliability of the tidal
        diagnostics. These results provide new observational constraints
        on upper--atmospheric tidal dynamics and establish a framework
        for using GRACE--FO neutral density measurements to study
        vertical coupling and thermospheric variability, with important
        implications for satellite orbit--drag prediction.}",
          doi = {10.1029/2026EA005322},
       adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2026E&SS...1305322N},
      adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

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