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Future projections of glacier mass change in High Mountain Asia using GRACE and climatemodel data

Dharpure, Jaydeo K., Howat, Ian M., and Patel, Akansha, 2026. Future projections of glacier mass change in High Mountain Asia using GRACE and climatemodel data. Scientific Reports, 16(1):8785, doi:10.1038/s41598-026-39404-8.

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@ARTICLE{2026NatSR..16.8785D,
       author = {{Dharpure}, Jaydeo K. and {Howat}, Ian M. and {Patel}, Akansha},
        title = "{Future projections of glacier mass change in High Mountain Asia using GRACE and climatemodel data}",
      journal = {Scientific Reports},
     keywords = {Climate change, Glacier mass change, GRACE satellites, Predictions, Earth Sciences, Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience},
         year = 2026,
        month = feb,
       volume = {16},
       number = {1},
          eid = {8785},
        pages = {8785},
     abstract = "{High Mountain Asia (HMA) is a critical region for global water
        resources, where glacier monitoring, modeling, and prediction
        are essential to understanding the impacts of climate change on
        water availability and related hazards. This study examined
        glacier mass change in HMA using terrestrial water storage
        anomaly data from gravity recovery and climate experiment
        (GRACE) and GRACE Follow-On. Our results reveal significant
        glacier mass loss of {\ensuremath{-}} 13.9 {\ensuremath{\pm}}
        3.6 Gt/yr between 2002/03 and 2022/23, with pronounced spatial
        variability across subregions. Eastern Kunlun shows the highest
        mass gain (1.1 {\ensuremath{\pm}} 0.2 Gt/yr), while the West
        Tien Shan experiences the most rapid mass loss (─1.9
        {\ensuremath{\pm}} 0.4 Gt/yr). For future projections, we
        employed a generalized additive model driven by climate and
        radiative flux variables from the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model
        Intercomparison Project under low- (SSP126) and high-emission
        (SSP585) scenarios. The results indicate continued glacier mass
        decline, with the steepest reductions under SSP585
        ({\ensuremath{-}} 19.5 {\ensuremath{\pm}} 11.3 Gt/yr) compared
        to SSP126 ({\ensuremath{-}} 2.3 {\ensuremath{\pm}} 0.3 Gt/yr).
        These changes occurred due to variation in climatic and
        radiative fluxes in both past and future projections. Overall,
        our study enhances understanding of cryospheric change in HMA,
        providing critical insights for future research, climate
        adaptation, and water resource management.}",
          doi = {10.1038/s41598-026-39404-8},
       adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2026NatSR..16.8785D},
      adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

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