Thu Oct 08, F. Flechtner
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Maciuk, Kamil, Lewińska, Paulina, and Brusak, Ivan, 2026. Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) in Climate Change Research: A Comprehensive Review. Remote Sensing, 18(17):3001, doi:10.3390/rs18173001.
• from the NASA Astrophysics Data System • by the DOI System •
@ARTICLE{2026RemS...18.3001M,
author = {{Maciuk}, Kamil and {Lewi{\'n}ska}, Paulina and {Brusak}, Ivan},
title = "{Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) in Climate Change Research: A Comprehensive Review}",
journal = {Remote Sensing},
keywords = {GNSS, climate change, atmosphere, cryosphere, hydrosphere, geodynamics},
year = 2026,
month = sep,
volume = {18},
number = {17},
eid = {3001},
pages = {3001},
abstract = "{What are the main findings? A comprehensive cross-disciplinary synthesis
of five core GNSS techniques (GNSS-RO, PPP, CORS, GNSS-R, and
GNSS-IR) across all primary Earth system spheres (atmosphere,
cryosphere, hydrosphere, oceans, biosphere, and lithosphere) is
presented. Modern GNSS observations provide precise, long-term,
and continuous data supporting the monitoring of atmospheric
parameters, sea level, snow cover, glaciers, soil moisture, and
crustal deformation. A comprehensive cross-disciplinary
synthesis of five core GNSS techniques (GNSS-RO, PPP, CORS,
GNSS-R, and GNSS-IR) across all primary Earth system spheres
(atmosphere, cryosphere, hydrosphere, oceans, biosphere, and
lithosphere) is presented. Modern GNSS observations provide
precise, long-term, and continuous data supporting the
monitoring of atmospheric parameters, sea level, snow cover,
glaciers, soil moisture, and crustal deformation. What are the
implications of the main findings? Integration of GNSS data with
other remote sensing techniques increases the capacity to
monitor climate processes and improves the quality of
meteorological forecasts, environmental analyses, and
geophysical models. The dynamic development of multi-
constellation GNSSs and modern data processing methods will
strengthen the role of satellite technologies in monitoring
climate change and supporting adaptation and environmental
management measures. Operational synergetic frameworks combining
multi-constellation GNSS with InSAR, satellite altimetry, GRACE-
FO gravity missions, and AI-driven predictive modeling for
enhanced environmental monitoring and hazard nowcasting are
identified. The capacity of GNSS to deliver high-resolution
continuous physical data (e.g., millimeter-level crustal motion,
PWV profiles, or snow depth retrievals) beyond traditional
positioning is demonstrated. Integration of GNSS data with other
remote sensing techniques increases the capacity to monitor
climate processes and improves the quality of meteorological
forecasts, environmental analyses, and geophysical models. The
dynamic development of multi-constellation GNSSs and modern data
processing methods will strengthen the role of satellite
technologies in monitoring climate change and supporting
adaptation and environmental management measures. Operational
synergetic frameworks combining multi-constellation GNSS with
InSAR, satellite altimetry, GRACE-FO gravity missions, and AI-
driven predictive modeling for enhanced environmental monitoring
and hazard nowcasting are identified. The capacity of GNSS to
deliver high-resolution continuous physical data (e.g.,
millimeter-level crustal motion, PWV profiles, or snow depth
retrievals) beyond traditional positioning is demonstrated.
Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs) are playing an
increasingly important role in monitoring climate change,
providing precise and continuous data on processes occurring in
the atmosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, biosphere, and
lithosphere. Initially, GNSSs were used primarily for navigation
and geodetic purposes, but the development of satellite signal-
processing methods has significantly expanded their
applications. This paper presents an overview of climate
research with particular emphasis on GNSS-RO, PPP, CORS, GNSS-R,
and GNSS-IR techniques. The paper discusses the possibilities
for monitoring atmospheric water vapor content, sea-level
changes, snow cover, glaciers, soil moisture, vegetation status,
and crustal deformation associated with redistribution of the
Earth's mass induced by climate change. The analysis indicates
that GNSS observations are currently an important data source
for climate and environmental research, as well as in weather
forecasting systems, environmental monitoring, and geodynamic
analyses. Integration of GNSS data with other remote sensing
techniques supports a more comprehensive assessment of changes
occurring in the Earth's climate system as well as supporting
the development of methods for adaptation to ongoing climate
change.}",
doi = {10.3390/rs18173001},
adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2026RemS...18.3001M},
adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}
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